exported
necessary
flare
IRI:
http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Flare
Generated on 2026-04-13
Natural Language Definition
EN
A flare is a burner that safely disposes of unwanted gases through controlled combustion at an elevated location.
PT-BR
Um flare é um queimador que descarta com segurança gases indesejados através de combustão controlada em local elevado.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
Every flare is a burner that bears a waste gas disposal function and has component parts flare tip, flare stack, and pilot system.
First-Order Logic Theory
Loading…
▸ Stored override
∀x (Flare(x) ↔ (Burner(x) ∧ ∃f (WasteGasDisposalFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .
### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: Flare
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:modified "2026-10-07"^^xsd:date ;
apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .
### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000691 rdf:type owl:Class ; # WasteGasDisposalFunction
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000692 # WasteGasDisposalProcess
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000692 # WasteGasDisposalProcess
] ;
rdfs:label "waste gas disposal function"@en ;
rdfs:label "função de descarte de gás residual"@pt-br .
### Process type
:COPI_0000692 rdf:type owl:Class ; # WasteGasDisposalProcess
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000007 ; # ChemicalReaction
rdfs:label "waste gas disposal process"@en ;
rdfs:label "processo de descarte de gás residual"@pt-br .
:COPI_0000007 rdf:type owl:Class . # ChemicalReaction
:COPI_0000692 # WasteGasDisposalProcess
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000039 # PortionOfGas
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000039 # PortionOfGas
] .
### Equipment universal: Flare
:COPI_0000274 rdf:type owl:Class ; # Flare
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000220 ; # Burner
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000691 # WasteGasDisposalFunction
] ;
rdfs:label "flare"@en ;
rdfs:label "flare"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A flare is a burner that safely disposes of unwanted gases through controlled combustion at an elevated location."@en ;
skos:definition "A flare is a burner that safely disposes of unwanted gases through controlled combustion at an elevated location."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um flare é um queimador que descarta com segurança gases indesejados através de combustão controlada em local elevado."@pt-br ;
iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every flare is a burner that bears a waste gas disposal function and has component parts flare tip, flare stack, and pilot system."@en ;
iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (Flare(x) ↔ (Burner(x) ∧ ∃f (WasteGasDisposalFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))))"@en ;
iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
iof-av:primitiveRationale "Over-reaching equivalence (ODR-022 §17). The definition adds \"at an elevated location\", a structural condition not carried by WasteGasDisposalFunction. As equivalent it absorbed flare tip — its own component."@en ;
skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <FLARE> is a <BURNER> that has a capability of <FLARING>"@en ;
skos:definition "[CFIHOS] A system that burns waste in an elevated flame in the open air."@en ;
skos:definition "[DEXPI] An artefact and waste gas emitter that is intended to burn waste gas in secure distance from the plant or platform."@en ;
skos:definition "[SLB Glossary] The burning of unwanted gas through a pipe (also called a flare)."@en ;
skos:definition "[OnePetro] A burner on a remote line used for disposal of hydrocarbons during clean-up, emergency shut downs and for disposal of small volume waste streams of mixed gasses that cannot easily or safely be separated."@en .
# Disjointness: Flare and Separator
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000274 :COPI_0000084 ) . # Flare, Separator
# Disjointness: Flare and HeatExchanger
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000274 :COPI_0000092 ) . # Flare, HeatExchanger
# Disjointness: Flare and Compressor
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000274 :COPI_0000073 ) . # Flare, Compressor
# Disjointness: Flare and Pump
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000274 :COPI_0000072 ) . # Flare, Pump
Axiomatization Decision Log
1
Identity-Giving Function
Function class
WasteGasDisposalFunction
⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
WasteGasDisposalProcess
⊑ ChemicalReaction
The identity-giving function is the safe disposal of unwanted/waste gases through controlled combustion. This distinguishes flares from other burners which may burn fuel for heating or other purposes.
2
Genus Determination
Burner
ISO 15926 explicitly states 'A FLARE is a BURNER that has a capability of FLARING'. Burner is the most specific superclass - it's more precise than generic Assembly. A burner has causal unity as a single combustion device but consists of removable parts (tip, pilot, controls), making it an Assembly rather than monolithic MaterialArtifact.
3
Necessary Parts
No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).
These three parts are universal to all flare types: tip (combustion), stack (safe positioning), pilot (ignition). Additional parts like knock-out drums or distribution systems are subtype-specific.
4
Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
PortionOfGas
— waste/unwanted hydrocarbon gases
Outputs (O)
PortionOfGas
— combustion products (CO2, H2O, etc.)
Transformation (T)
chemical transformation through controlled combustion - waste hydrocarbons converted to safer combustion products
Flare signature is waste gas input transformed through combustion to safer output products, enabling safe disposal of materials that cannot be processed or stored.
5
Axiom Mode Decision
Necessary conditions only
— modelled as a primitive universal
(⊑, SubClassOf). Identity is grounded in designed
function and cannot be reduced to a property checklist.
Over-reaching equivalence (ODR-022 §17). The definition adds "at an elevated location", a structural condition not carried by WasteGasDisposalFunction. As equivalent it absorbed flare tip — its own component.
Disjointness Axioms
Separator
HeatExchanger
Compressor
Pump
C4: Separator, HeatExchanger, Compressor, Pump. Incompatible process signatures: flares perform chemical transformation through combustion, while separators perform physical separation, heat exchangers perform energy transfer, and pumps/compressors perform pressure/flow modification without chemical change.
Cross-Standard Observations
Good consistency across sources on functional definition. ISO 15926 provides clearest hierarchical relationship to BURNER. DEXPI adds useful detail about 'secure distance' requirement. OnePetro emphasizes emergency/clean-up contexts. Some sources conflate the overall flare system with the flare tip component.
