exported
equivalent
flash drum
IRI:
http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Flashdrum
Generated on 2026-04-16
Natural Language Definition
EN
A flash drum is a separator that performs flash vaporization to separate lighter components (which vaporize and are drawn off at the top) from heavier components (which remain liquid and are drawn off at the bottom).
PT-BR
Um tambor de flash é um separador que realiza vaporização flash para separar componentes mais leves (que vaporizam e são retirados no topo) de componentes mais pesados (que permanecem líquidos e são retirados no fundo).
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
Every flash drum is a separator that bears a flash vaporization function and has a vapor outlet, liquid outlet, and feed inlet.
First-Order Logic Theory
Loading…
▸ Stored override
∀x(FlashDrum(x) ↔ Separator(x) ∧ ∃f(FlashVaporizationFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .
### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: FlashDrum
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ;
apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .
### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000517 rdf:type owl:Class ; # FlashVaporizationFunction
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000518 # FlashVaporizationProcess
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000518 # FlashVaporizationProcess
] ;
rdfs:label "flash vaporization function"@en ;
rdfs:label "função de vaporização flash"@pt-br .
### Process type
:COPI_0000518 rdf:type owl:Class ; # FlashVaporizationProcess
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000008 ; # PhaseChange
rdfs:label "flash vaporization process"@en ;
rdfs:label "processo de vaporização flash"@pt-br .
:COPI_0000008 rdf:type owl:Class . # PhaseChange
:COPI_0000518 # FlashVaporizationProcess
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000044 # FluidMixture
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000039 # PortionOfGas
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000038 # PortionOfLiquid
] .
### Equipment universal: FlashDrum
:COPI_0000276 rdf:type owl:Class ; # FlashDrum
owl:equivalentClass [
rdf:type owl:Class ;
owl:intersectionOf (
:COPI_0000084 # Separator
[
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000517 # FlashVaporizationFunction
]
)
] ;
rdfs:label "flash drum"@en ;
rdfs:label "tambor de flash"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A flash drum is a separator that performs flash vaporization to separate lighter components (which vaporize and are drawn off at the top) from heavier components (which remain liquid and are drawn off at the bottom)."@en ;
skos:definition "A flash drum is a separator that performs flash vaporization to separate lighter components (which vaporize and are drawn off at the top) from heavier components (which remain liquid and are drawn off at the bottom)."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um tambor de flash é um separador que realiza vaporização flash para separar componentes mais leves (que vaporizam e são retirados no topo) de componentes mais pesados (que permanecem líquidos e são retirados no fundo)."@pt-br ;
iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every flash drum is a separator that bears a flash vaporization function and has a vapor outlet, liquid outlet, and feed inlet."@en ;
iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x(FlashDrum(x) ↔ Separator(x) ∧ ∃f(FlashVaporizationFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))"@en ;
skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <FLASH DRUM> is an <ARTEFACT> and a <VESSEL> in which a process stream is charged or pumped and where lighter products flash off or vaporize and are drawn off at the top. The remainer heavier fractions are drawn off at the bottom of the vessel"@en ;
skos:definition "[CFIHOS] A tank or vessel in which a process stream is charged or pumped and where lighter products flash off or vaporize and are drawn off at the top. The remainder heavier fractions are drawn off at the bottom of the vessel."@en .
# Disjointness: FlashDrum and Filter
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000276 :COPI_0000081 ) . # FlashDrum, Filter
# Disjointness: FlashDrum and Centrifuge
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000276 :COPI_0000225 ) . # FlashDrum, Centrifuge
# Disjointness: FlashDrum and Hydrocyclone
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000276 :COPI_0000301 ) . # FlashDrum, Hydrocyclone
Axiomatization Decision Log
1
Identity-Giving Function
Function class
FlashVaporizationFunction
⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
FlashVaporizationProcess
⊑ PhaseChange
Flash vaporization is the identity-giving function - the process of sudden pressure/temperature change causing lighter components to vaporize while heavier components remain liquid. This is distinct from other separation functions like filtration or centrifugal separation.
2
Genus Determination
Separator
Flash drum is clearly a type of separator (already enriched in our ontology) that performs phase separation. While it could be considered a vessel, Separator is more specific and captures the functional nature. The parent_candidates show VESSEL as a superclass, but Separator better captures the equipment category for industrial classification purposes.
3
Necessary Parts
No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).
These three ports are essential for the flash separation process - one for feed input, one for vapor product removal, and one for liquid product removal. The vessel structure is inherited from the Separator genus.
4
Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
FluidMixture
— mixed-phase or liquid at conditions where flash vaporization can occur
Outputs (O)
PortionOfGas
— light components in vapor phase
PortionOfLiquid
— heavy components in liquid phase
Transformation (T)
phase separation by flash vaporization - pressure/temperature change causes selective vaporization
Flash drums take a mixed or liquid stream and separate it into vapor (light components) and liquid (heavy components) through spontaneous vaporization. This signature is distinct from other separation processes.
5
Axiom Mode Decision
Necessary + Sufficient
— modelled as a defined class
(≡, EquivalentClass). Automatic classification is
appropriate for this concept.
Disjointness Axioms
Filter
Centrifuge
Hydrocyclone
C1: Centrifuge. C2: Filter, Hydrocyclone. Flash drums use phase change separation which is incompatible with physical filtration (Filter), centrifugal force separation (Centrifuge), or cyclonic separation (Hydrocyclone). These represent fundamentally different separation mechanisms.
Cross-Standard Observations
Both ISO 15926 and CFIHOS provide consistent definitions emphasizing the flash vaporization process with vapor removal at top and liquid removal at bottom. The definitions align well on the functional characteristics of the equipment.
