validated
necessary
pipe reducer concentric
IRI:
http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Pipereducerconcentric
Generated on 2026-09-08
Natural Language Definition
EN
A concentric reducer is a pipe reducer whose larger and smaller pipe ends share a common, coaxial centerline, giving it a symmetric cone shape.
PT-BR
Um reductor concentrico e um redutor de tubulacao cujas extremidades maior e menor compartilham uma linha de centro coaxial comum, conferindo-lhe formato conico simetrico.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
Every concentric reducer is a pipe reducer that bears a fluid conduction function and has a coaxial centerline quality, distinguishing it from an eccentric reducer's offset centerline.
First-Order Logic Theory
Loading…
▸ Stored override
∀x (ConcentricReducer(x) → PipeReducer(x) ∧ ∃f (FluidConductionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) ∧ ∃q (CoaxialCenterline(q) ∧ hasQuality(x,q)))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .
### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: PipeReducerConcentric
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ;
apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .
### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000529 rdf:type owl:Class ; # FluidConductionFunction
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000530 # FluidConductionProcess
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000530 # FluidConductionProcess
] ;
rdfs:label "fluid conduction function"@en ;
rdfs:label "função de condução de fluido"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in a FluidConductionProcess and that consists in conveying a fluid from one point to another through an enclosed conduit."@en ;
skos:definition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in a FluidConductionProcess and that consists in conveying a fluid from one point to another through an enclosed conduit."@en .
### Process type
:COPI_0000530 rdf:type owl:Class ; # FluidConductionProcess
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000003 ; # MomentumTransfer
rdfs:label "fluid conduction process"@en ;
rdfs:label "processo de condução de fluido"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A PlannedProcess in which a fluid is conveyed through an enclosed conduit, changing cross-sectional area as needed between differently-sized pipe ends."@en ;
skos:definition "A PlannedProcess in which a fluid is conveyed through an enclosed conduit, changing cross-sectional area as needed between differently-sized pipe ends."@en .
:COPI_0000003 rdf:type owl:Class . # MomentumTransfer
:COPI_0000530 # FluidConductionProcess
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037 # PortionOfFluid
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037 # PortionOfFluid
] .
### Equipment universal: PipeReducerConcentric
:COPI_0000765 rdf:type owl:Class ; # PipeReducerConcentric
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000324 ; # PipeReducer
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000529 # FluidConductionFunction
] ;
rdfs:label "pipe reducer concentric"@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A concentric reducer is a pipe reducer whose larger and smaller pipe ends share a common, coaxial centerline, giving it a symmetric cone shape."@en ;
skos:definition "A concentric reducer is a pipe reducer whose larger and smaller pipe ends share a common, coaxial centerline, giving it a symmetric cone shape."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um reductor concentrico e um redutor de tubulacao cujas extremidades maior e menor compartilham uma linha de centro coaxial comum, conferindo-lhe formato conico simetrico."@pt-br ;
iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every concentric reducer is a pipe reducer that bears a fluid conduction function and has a coaxial centerline quality, distinguishing it from an eccentric reducer's offset centerline."@en ;
iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (ConcentricReducer(x) → PipeReducer(x) ∧ ∃f (FluidConductionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) ∧ ∃q (CoaxialCenterline(q) ∧ hasQuality(x,q)))"@en ;
iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
iof-av:primitiveRationale "Constructive subtype reusing genus and function unchanged: sufficiency is not asserted so as not to preclude expert review of edge cases (e.g. slightly asymmetric fittings marketed as 'concentric')."@en ;
skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <PIPE REDUCER CONCENTRIC> is a <PIPE REDUCER> where the center lines of the two ends are in line."@en .
Axiomatization Decision Log
1
Identity-Giving Function
Function class
FluidConductionFunction
⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
FluidConductionProcess
⊑ MomentumTransfer
Reused verbatim from the already-enriched genus 'pipe reducer' per the constructive-type rule.
2
Genus Determination
PipeReducer
'pipe reducer' (already enriched, genus=Pipe, differentia references InletEnd/OutletEnd/DifferentNominalPipeSizes) is the exact genus proximum: a concentric reducer is a pipe reducer distinguished only by the symmetry of its taper.
3
Necessary Parts
No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).
No separable component distinguishes a concentric reducer from the genus; the distinguishing trait is a geometric quality of the body itself (see Step 3).
4
Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
PortionOfFluid
— any phase, at the larger pipe end
Outputs (O)
PortionOfFluid
— same fluid, at the smaller pipe end, symmetric velocity profile due to coaxial taper
Transformation (T)
fluid conducted through a symmetric conical taper between two differently-sized, coaxial pipe ends
Same passive-transport signature as the genus PipeReducer; the coaxial symmetry affects velocity-profile uniformity but not the ontological transformation category.
5
Axiom Mode Decision
Necessary conditions only
— modelled as a primitive universal
(⊑, SubClassOf). Identity is grounded in designed
function and cannot be reduced to a property checklist.
Constructive subtype reusing genus and function unchanged: sufficiency is not asserted so as not to preclude expert review of edge cases (e.g. slightly asymmetric fittings marketed as 'concentric').
Cross-Standard Observations
No terms.db entry exists for 'concentric reducer' specifically (generic 'REDUCER' in ISO 15926-4 is a distinct, more abstract FunctionalObject concept not specific to pipe fittings, and was not used as grounding). Two independent tertiary supplier/technical sources (amplealloys.com, sunhyings.com) triangulate the ASME B16.9 concentric-vs-eccentric centerline distinction.
Reviewer Notes
Step 2 discovery: an exact ISO 15926-4 primary term 'PIPE REDUCER CONCENTRIC' (parent PIPE REDUCER, already enriched) exists, superseding the initial plan to enrich a bare 'concentric reducer' with no terms.db anchor -- ODR-022 requires a source-standard anchor before enrichment, so the cluster_label was corrected to this exact term with 'concentric reducer' as alt_label. Tertiary sources (amplealloys.com, sunhyings.com) triangulate the same centerline-alignment fact and add the vertical-flow application context.
