@prefix copi:    <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix :         <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl:      <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf:      <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs:     <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd:      <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo:      <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av:   <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos:     <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt:     <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms:  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf:     <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv:      <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .

### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: PipeReducerConcentric
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
    rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
    dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
    dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
    dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
    skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
    skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
    skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
    skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
    owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
    owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
    owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
    dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
    dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
    dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
    dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
    dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
    dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
    dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ;
    apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
    apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
    apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .

iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .

### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000529 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # FluidConductionFunction
    rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ;  # realizedIn
        owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000530  # FluidConductionProcess
    ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ;  # realizedIn
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000530  # FluidConductionProcess
    ] ;
    rdfs:label "fluid conduction function"@en ;
    rdfs:label "função de condução de fluido"@pt-br ;
    iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in a FluidConductionProcess and that consists in conveying a fluid from one point to another through an enclosed conduit."@en ;
    skos:definition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in a FluidConductionProcess and that consists in conveying a fluid from one point to another through an enclosed conduit."@en .

### Process type
:COPI_0000530 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # FluidConductionProcess
    rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000003 ;  # MomentumTransfer
    rdfs:label "fluid conduction process"@en ;
    rdfs:label "processo de condução de fluido"@pt-br ;
    iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A PlannedProcess in which a fluid is conveyed through an enclosed conduit, changing cross-sectional area as needed between differently-sized pipe ends."@en ;
    skos:definition "A PlannedProcess in which a fluid is conveyed through an enclosed conduit, changing cross-sectional area as needed between differently-sized pipe ends."@en .

:COPI_0000003 rdf:type owl:Class .  # MomentumTransfer

:COPI_0000530  # FluidConductionProcess
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037  # PortionOfFluid
    ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037  # PortionOfFluid
    ] .

### Equipment universal: PipeReducerConcentric
:COPI_0000765 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # PipeReducerConcentric
    rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000324 ;  # PipeReducer
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ;  # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000529  # FluidConductionFunction
    ] ;
    rdfs:label "pipe reducer concentric"@en ;
    iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A concentric reducer is a pipe reducer whose larger and smaller pipe ends share a common, coaxial centerline, giving it a symmetric cone shape."@en ;
    skos:definition "A concentric reducer is a pipe reducer whose larger and smaller pipe ends share a common, coaxial centerline, giving it a symmetric cone shape."@en ;
    iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um reductor concentrico e um redutor de tubulacao cujas extremidades maior e menor compartilham uma linha de centro coaxial comum, conferindo-lhe formato conico simetrico."@pt-br ;
    iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every concentric reducer is a pipe reducer that bears a fluid conduction function and has a coaxial centerline quality, distinguishing it from an eccentric reducer's offset centerline."@en ;
    iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (ConcentricReducer(x) → PipeReducer(x) ∧ ∃f (FluidConductionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) ∧ ∃q (CoaxialCenterline(q) ∧ hasQuality(x,q)))"@en ;
    iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
    iof-av:primitiveRationale "Constructive subtype reusing genus and function unchanged: sufficiency is not asserted so as not to preclude expert review of edge cases (e.g. slightly asymmetric fittings marketed as 'concentric')."@en ;