exported
necessary
gear casing
IRI:
http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Gearcasing
Generated on 2026-05-04
Natural Language Definition
EN
A casing that contains and houses the internal components of a gear mechanism, providing protective enclosure and structural support.
PT-BR
Um invólucro que contém e abriga os componentes internos de um mecanismo de engrenagem, fornecendo invólucro protetor e suporte estrutural.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
GearCasing ⊑ casing ⊓ ∃hasContent.GearMechanism
First-Order Logic Theory
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▸ Stored override
∀x(GearCasing(x) → casing(x) ∧ ∃y(GearMechanism(y) ∧ hasContent(x,y)))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .
### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: GearCasing
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ;
apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .
### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000500 rdf:type owl:Class ; # EnclosureFunction
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000501 # EnclosureProcess
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000501 # EnclosureProcess
] ;
rdfs:label "enclosure function"@en ;
rdfs:label "função de proteção e invólucro"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in an EnclosureProcess and that consists in providing a protective boundary that contains, supports, and isolates internal components from external environment while maintaining structural integrity."@en ;
skos:definition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in an EnclosureProcess and that consists in providing a protective boundary that contains, supports, and isolates internal components from external environment while maintaining structural integrity."@en .
### Process type
:COPI_0000501 rdf:type owl:Class ; # EnclosureProcess
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ;
rdfs:label "enclosure process"@en ;
rdfs:label "processo de proteção e invólucro"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A PlannedProcess in which a housing or casing provides containment and protection for internal components, maintaining separation between the internal mechanism and external environment."@en ;
skos:definition "A PlannedProcess in which a housing or casing provides containment and protection for internal components, maintaining separation between the internal mechanism and external environment."@en .
### Equipment universal: GearCasing
:COPI_0000288 rdf:type owl:Class ; # GearCasing
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000222 ; # Casing
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000500 # EnclosureFunction
] ;
rdfs:label "gear casing"@en ;
rdfs:label "carcaça de caixa de engrenagens"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A casing that contains and houses the internal components of a gear mechanism, providing protective enclosure and structural support."@en ;
skos:definition "A casing that contains and houses the internal components of a gear mechanism, providing protective enclosure and structural support."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um invólucro que contém e abriga os componentes internos de um mecanismo de engrenagem, fornecendo invólucro protetor e suporte estrutural."@pt-br ;
iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "GearCasing ⊑ casing ⊓ ∃hasContent.GearMechanism"@en ;
iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x(GearCasing(x) → casing(x) ∧ ∃y(GearMechanism(y) ∧ hasContent(x,y)))"@en ;
iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
iof-av:primitiveRationale "This is a constructive type defined by its physical configuration as a specific type of casing. Under OWA, declaring equivalence could lead to over-classification where any casing containing gear-like components might be inappropriately classified as a standard gear casing, including custom enclosures or hybrid systems that should not fall into this maintenance category."@en ;
skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <GEAR CASING> is a <HOUSING> that contains the internal components of a gear."@en .
Axiomatization Decision Log
1
Identity-Giving Function
Function class
EnclosureFunction
⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
EnclosureProcess
⊑ PlannedProcess
The gear casing's identity is fundamentally given by its function to enclose and contain gear components. This is evidenced by the ISO 15926 definition stating it 'contains the internal components of a gear'. The EnclosureFunction already exists in the ontology from the 'casing' enrichment, and gear casing is a specific type of casing, so reusing this function is appropriate.
2
Genus Determination
Casing
The ISO 15926 definition explicitly states 'A GEAR CASING is a HOUSING that contains...' and lists HOUSING as a parent. However, examining the already-enriched classes, 'casing' exists with function EnclosureFunction and genus Assembly. Since a gear casing is specifically a casing designed to contain gear components, 'casing' is the most specific appropriate genus rather than the more general 'housing'.
3
Necessary Parts
No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).
No component terms are provided in the Known Component Terms list, and the ISO 15926 definition does not specify particular structural elements beyond the general housing function. Without specific evidence of necessary parts from the sources, no parts are modeled at this universal level.
4
Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
—
Outputs (O)
—
Transformation (T)
passive containment and protection of gear mechanism components within an enclosed boundary
Gear casing is a passive containment structure with no active process inputs or outputs. Its process signature reflects pure containment function - it maintains a protective boundary around gear components without transforming any material streams.
5
Axiom Mode Decision
Necessary conditions only
— modelled as a primitive universal
(⊑, SubClassOf). Identity is grounded in designed
function and cannot be reduced to a property checklist.
This is a constructive type defined by its physical configuration as a specific type of casing. Under OWA, declaring equivalence could lead to over-classification where any casing containing gear-like components might be inappropriately classified as a standard gear casing, including custom enclosures or hybrid systems that should not fall into this maintenance category.
Cross-Standard Observations
Only one source (ISO 15926) provides a definition. No divergence analysis possible with single source. The definition is minimal but clear in establishing the containment relationship with gear internals.
