exported
necessary
manual actuator
IRI:
http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Manualactuator
Generated on 2026-05-04
Natural Language Definition
EN
A manual actuator is an actuator that converts human-operated control inputs into mechanical movement or force through direct physical operation.
PT-BR
Um atuador manual é um atuador que converte entradas de controle operadas por humanos em movimento mecânico ou força através de operação física direta.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
ManualActuator is an actuator that has input ManualControlSignal and has output MechanicalPower
First-Order Logic Theory
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▸ Stored override
∀x (ManualActuator(x) ↔ Actuator(x) ∧ ∃s(ControlSignal(s) ∧ hasInput(x,s)))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .
### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: ManualActuator
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ;
apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .
### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000407 rdf:type owl:Class ; # ActuationFunction
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000408 # ActuationProcess
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000408 # ActuationProcess
] ;
rdfs:label "actuation function"@en ;
rdfs:label "função de atuação"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in an ActuationProcess and that consists in converting a control input to mechanical movement or force that positions or operates another equipment component, where the control input is provided manually by human operation."@en ;
skos:definition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in an ActuationProcess and that consists in converting a control input to mechanical movement or force that positions or operates another equipment component, where the control input is provided manually by human operation."@en .
### Process type
:COPI_0000408 rdf:type owl:Class ; # ActuationProcess
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ;
rdfs:label "actuation process"@en ;
rdfs:label "processo de atuação"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A PlannedProcess in which an actuator converts a control input signal to mechanical movement or force, enabling the positioning or operation of controlled equipment such as valves, dampers, or switches."@en ;
skos:definition "A PlannedProcess in which an actuator converts a control input signal to mechanical movement or force, enabling the positioning or operation of controlled equipment such as valves, dampers, or switches."@en .
:COPI_0000408 # ActuationProcess
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000045 # ControlSignal
] .
### Equipment universal: ManualActuator
:COPI_0000312 rdf:type owl:Class ; # ManualActuator
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000207 ; # Actuator
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000407 # ActuationFunction
] ;
rdfs:label "manual actuator"@en ;
rdfs:label "atuador manual"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A manual actuator is an actuator that converts human-operated control inputs into mechanical movement or force through direct physical operation."@en ;
skos:definition "A manual actuator is an actuator that converts human-operated control inputs into mechanical movement or force through direct physical operation."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um atuador manual é um atuador que converte entradas de controle operadas por humanos em movimento mecânico ou força através de operação física direta."@pt-br ;
iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000196 ; owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000059 ] ;
skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <MANUAL ACTUATOR> is an <ARTEFACT> and an <ACTUATOR> which action has to be trigged manually"@en .
Axiomatization Decision Log
1
Identity-Giving Function
Function class
ActuationFunction
⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
ActuationProcess
⊑ PlannedProcess
The actuator class already exists with ActuationFunction. Manual actuator is a subtype of actuator distinguished by the mode of control input (manual vs. automated), but shares the same core function of converting input to mechanical actuation. Reusing the existing ActuationFunction maintains consistency.
2
Genus Determination
Actuator
The definition explicitly states 'an <ACTUATOR>' making actuator the direct genus. The parent_candidates list includes ACTUATOR which is already enriched in our ontology as genus Assembly. This is the most specific appropriate superclass.
3
Necessary Parts
No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).
No specific component terms are provided in the source standards for manual actuator. The source definition focuses on the functional characteristic (manual triggering) rather than structural components. While manual actuators would have mechanical parts like handles, levers, or wheels, these are not specified in the available definition or component terms list.
4
Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
ControlSignal
— human-operated control input such as hand wheel rotation, lever movement, or button press
Outputs (O)
—
Transformation (T)
manual control input converted to mechanical movement or force through direct human operation
Manual actuators transform human physical input into mechanical output. The signature distinguishes manual actuators from automated actuators by the nature of the input signal - direct human operation rather than electrical, pneumatic, or hydraulic signals.
5
Axiom Mode Decision
Necessary conditions only
— modelled as a primitive universal
(⊑, SubClassOf). Identity is grounded in designed
function and cannot be reduced to a property checklist.
Cross-Standard Observations
Only one source definition available. The definition is concise and functional, focusing on the manual triggering characteristic. Subtypes indicate structural variants (linear vs rotary) but these are not defined at the current level.
