Needle Valve — Class Documentation

← Enrichment / Edit

exported necessary

needle valve

IRI: http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Needlevalve

Generated on 2026-04-13

Natural Language Definition

A needle valve is a valve that has a conical needle-shaped closure member that seats into a small orifice to provide precise flow control.

PT-BR

Uma válvula agulha é uma válvula que possui um membro de fechamento cônico em forma de agulha que se assenta em um pequeno orifício para fornecer controle preciso de fluxo.

Formal Axioms

Semi-formal (Aristotelian)

Every needle valve is a valve that has a flow control function and has a plug as a component part.

First-Order Logic Theory

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▸ Stored override

∀x (NeedleValve(x) → (Valve(x) ∧ ∃f(FlowControlFunction(f) ∧ hasFunction(x,f)) ∧ ∃p(Plug(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p))))

OWL 2 / Turtle

@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: NeedleValve <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-10-07"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :COPI_0000026 rdf:type owl:Class ; # FlowControlFunction rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000520 # FlowControlProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000520 # FlowControlProcess ] ; rdfs:label "flow control function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de controle de fluxo"@pt-br . ### Process type :COPI_0000520 rdf:type owl:Class ; # FlowControlProcess rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000010 ; # FlowControl rdfs:label "flow control process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de controle de fluxo"@pt-br . :COPI_0000010 rdf:type owl:Class . # FlowControl :COPI_0000520 # FlowControlProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037 # PortionOfFluid ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037 # PortionOfFluid ] . ### Equipment universal: NeedleValve :COPI_0000134 rdf:type owl:Class ; # NeedleValve rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000077 ; # Valve rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000026 # FlowControlFunction ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasComponentPartAtAllTimes ; owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000742 # Plug ] ; rdfs:label "needle valve"@en ; rdfs:label "válvula agulha"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A needle valve is a valve that has a conical needle-shaped closure member that seats into a small orifice to provide precise flow control."@en ; skos:definition "A needle valve is a valve that has a conical needle-shaped closure member that seats into a small orifice to provide precise flow control."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma válvula agulha é uma válvula que possui um membro de fechamento cônico em forma de agulha que se assenta em um pequeno orifício para fornecer controle preciso de fluxo."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every needle valve is a valve that has a flow control function and has a plug as a component part."@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (NeedleValve(x) → (Valve(x) ∧ ∃f(FlowControlFunction(f) ∧ hasFunction(x,f)) ∧ ∃p(Plug(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p))))"@en ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "As a constructive type defined by specific structural features (needle plug geometry), providing sufficient conditions under the Open World Assumption could lead to over-classification. Complex valve assemblies or custom equipment containing needle-like mechanisms might be incorrectly classified as standard needle valves for maintenance purposes."@en ; skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <NEEDLE VALVE> is a <GLOBE VALVE> that has a closure member with the shape of a conical plug (needle) which closes into a small seat"@en ; skos:definition "[CFIHOS] A globe valve that has a closure member with the shape of a conical plug (needle) which closes into a small seat."@en ; skos:definition "[SLB Glossary] A type of small valve used for flow metering, having a tapered needlepoint plug or closure element and a seat having a small orifice."@en ; skos:definition "[OnePetro] A low volume, small orifice, high pressure bleed valve."@en ; skos:definition "[POSC Caesar] A globe valve that has a closure member with the shape of a conical plug (needle) which closes into a small seat."@en . :COPI_0000742 rdf:type owl:Class ; # Plug rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ; rdfs:label "plug"@en .

Axiomatization Decision Log

1 Identity-Giving Function

Function class

FlowControlFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction

Realized in

FlowControlProcess ⊑ FlowControl

A needle valve performs the same basic flow control function as other valves. While it excels at flow metering and precise control due to its needle geometry, this is a capability arising from its construction, not a distinct function type. The function is inherited from the valve genus.

✓

Expert review — Accepted

2 Genus Determination

Valve

Multiple sources explicitly state that a needle valve is a type of valve (ISO 15926, CFIHOS, POSC Caesar). While ISO 15926 and others mention it's a subtype of 'globe valve', the Valve class is already enriched in our ontology and represents the most appropriate genus level. Globe valve would be an intermediate classification that we can address separately.

✓

Expert review — Accepted

3 Necessary Parts

Part class	Parent	Relation
Plug	MaterialArtifact	hasComponentPartAtAllTimes

These parts constitute the essential structural differentia of needle valves. The needle plug and small orifice seat work together to provide the precise flow control characteristic of this valve type.

✓

Expert review — Accepted

4 Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩

Inputs (I)

PortionOfFluid — any phase, typically high pressure

Outputs (O)

PortionOfFluid — controlled flow rate, potentially reduced pressure

Transformation (T)

precise flow rate control through variable orifice area

Needle valves provide precise flow control by varying the effective orifice area as the needle is positioned. They are particularly suited for low flow rates and high-pressure applications due to the small orifice design.

✓

Expert review — Accepted

5 Axiom Mode Decision

Necessary conditions only — modelled as a primitive universal (⊑, SubClassOf). Identity is grounded in designed function and cannot be reduced to a property checklist.

As a constructive type defined by specific structural features (needle plug geometry), providing sufficient conditions under the Open World Assumption could lead to over-classification. Complex valve assemblies or custom equipment containing needle-like mechanisms might be incorrectly classified as standard needle valves for maintenance purposes.

✓

Expert review — Accepted

Cross-Standard Observations

Strong consistency across sources on the needle geometry and small orifice characteristics. SLB emphasizes flow metering application, OnePetro focuses on high-pressure bleed applications, while ISO/CFIHOS/POSC provide structural definitions. The globe valve parentage mentioned in some sources suggests an intermediate classification level that could be addressed separately.

Source Definitions 5 sources

ISO 15926-4 NEEDLE VALVE ↗