exported
equivalent
relay
IRI:
http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Relay
Generated on 2026-04-16
Natural Language Definition
EN
A relay is an electrical switching device that bears a signal relay function, realized by passing on information or signals from one circuit to control operations in another circuit.
PT-BR
Um relé é um dispositivo de comutação elétrica que possui uma função de relé de sinal, realizada ao transmitir informações ou sinais de um circuito para controlar operações em outro circuito.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
Every Relay is an ElectricalSwitchingDevice that bearerOf some SignalRelayFunction
First-Order Logic Theory
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▸ Stored override
∀x(Relay(x) ↔ (ElectricalSwitchingDevice(x) ∧ ∃f(SignalRelayFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .
### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: Relay
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:modified "2026-10-07"^^xsd:date ;
apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .
### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000640 rdf:type owl:Class ; # SignalRelayFunction
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000641 # SignalRelayProcess
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000641 # SignalRelayProcess
] ;
rdfs:label "signal relay function"@en ;
rdfs:label "função de retransmissão de sinal"@pt-br .
### Process type
:COPI_0000641 rdf:type owl:Class ; # SignalRelayProcess
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ;
rdfs:label "signal relay process"@en ;
rdfs:label "processo de retransmissão de sinal"@pt-br .
:COPI_0000641 # SignalRelayProcess
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
owl:someValuesFrom iof-core:InformationContentEntity
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
owl:someValuesFrom iof-core:InformationContentEntity
] .
### Equipment universal: Relay
:COPI_0000338 rdf:type owl:Class ; # Relay
owl:equivalentClass [
rdf:type owl:Class ;
owl:intersectionOf (
iof-core:MaterialArtifact
[
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000640 # SignalRelayFunction
]
)
] ;
rdfs:label "relay"@en ;
rdfs:label "relé"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A relay is an electrical switching device that bears a signal relay function, realized by passing on information or signals from one circuit to control operations in another circuit."@en ;
skos:definition "A relay is an electrical switching device that bears a signal relay function, realized by passing on information or signals from one circuit to control operations in another circuit."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um relé é um dispositivo de comutação elétrica que possui uma função de relé de sinal, realizada ao transmitir informações ou sinais de um circuito para controlar operações em outro circuito."@pt-br ;
iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every Relay is an ElectricalSwitchingDevice that bearerOf some SignalRelayFunction"@en ;
iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x(Relay(x) ↔ (ElectricalSwitchingDevice(x) ∧ ∃f(SignalRelayFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))))"@en ;
skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <RELAY> is a <SWITCHING DEVICE> that usually is incorporating an electromagnet, whereby a current or signal in one circuit can open or close another circuit"@en ;
skos:definition "[CFIHOS] A physical object that can be any electrical device, usually incorporating an electromagnet, whereby a current or signal in one circuit can open or close another circuit."@en ;
skos:definition "[ISA 5.1] a device, whose function is to pass on information in an unchanged form or in some modified form, often used to mean the preferred term computing device."@en .
# Disjointness: Relay and Transformer
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000338 :COPI_0000086 ) . # Relay, Transformer
# Disjointness: Relay and Motor
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000338 :COPI_0000315 ) . # Relay, Motor
Axiomatization Decision Log
1
Identity-Giving Function
Function class
SignalRelayFunction
⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
SignalRelayProcess
⊑ PlannedProcess
The identity-giving function is to relay (pass on) signals or information from one circuit to another, potentially in modified form. This encompasses both switching functions (opening/closing circuits) and signal processing/transmission functions. This is distinct from simple switching (which only opens/closes) or pure signal transmission (which doesn't involve circuit control).
2
Genus Determination
MaterialArtifact
bfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
Monolithic causally unified material artefact.
MaterialArtifact ≡ Object ⊓ ∃bearerOf.DesignedFunction.
The parent_candidates suggest 'SWITCHING DEVICE' from ISO15926, which maps to ElectricalSwitchingDevice as the most specific appropriate superclass. While 'electrical equipment class' from CFIHOS is too broad, the concept is clearly a switching device with electrical functionality. ElectricalSwitchingDevice is not in the enriched list but represents the correct level of specificity - more specific than just 'Assembly' but broader than specific relay types.
3
Necessary Parts
No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).
These are the minimal essential parts that enable the signal relay function - an input element to receive control signals and switching elements to control output circuits. Specific implementations may vary (electromagnetic vs solid-state) but these functional components are universal.
4
Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
InformationContentEntity
— control signal
Outputs (O)
InformationContentEntity
— switched or modified signal
Transformation (T)
signal processing and electrical isolation
Relays take an electrical control signal as input and produce a switched or modified electrical output, providing isolation and potentially amplification or logic processing between input and output circuits.
5
Axiom Mode Decision
Necessary + Sufficient
— modelled as a defined class
(≡, EquivalentClass). Automatic classification is
appropriate for this concept.
Disjointness Axioms
Transformer
Motor
C4: Motor. C?: Transformer [kind_ambiguous]. Relays have incompatible process signatures with transformers (which transform voltage/current levels), motors (which convert electrical to mechanical energy), and generators (which convert mechanical to electrical energy)
Cross-Standard Observations
ISO15926 and CFIHOS emphasize the electromagnetic mechanism while ISA5.1 focuses more on the information processing aspect. The definitions are complementary rather than conflicting - electromagnets are a common but not exclusive implementation of the signal relay function.
