exported
equivalent
furnace
IRI:
http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Furnace
Generated on 2026-04-16
Natural Language Definition
EN
A furnace is a heater that bears the function to induce chemical reactions in process fluids through heating.
PT-BR
Um forno é um aquecedor que possui a função de induzir reações químicas em fluidos de processo através do aquecimento.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
Every furnace is a heater that has the function to induce reactions in process fluids by heating them.
First-Order Logic Theory
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▸ Stored override
∀x(Furnace(x) ↔ Heater(x) ∧ ∃f(ReactiveHeatingFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .
### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: Furnace
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ;
apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .
### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000619 rdf:type owl:Class ; # ReactiveHeatingFunction
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000190 ; # HeatingFunction
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000620 # ReactiveHeatingProcess
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000620 # ReactiveHeatingProcess
] ;
rdfs:label "reactive heating function"@en ;
rdfs:label "função de aquecimento reativo"@pt-br .
:COPI_0000190 rdf:type owl:Class . # HeatingFunction
### Process type
:COPI_0000620 rdf:type owl:Class ; # ReactiveHeatingProcess
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000548 ; # HeatingProcess
rdfs:label "reactive heating process"@en ;
rdfs:label "processo de aquecimento reativo"@pt-br .
:COPI_0000548 rdf:type owl:Class . # HeatingProcess
:COPI_0000620 # ReactiveHeatingProcess
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037 # PortionOfFluid
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000393 # FuelPortion
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037 # PortionOfFluid
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000395 # CombustionProduct
] .
### Equipment universal: Furnace
:COPI_0000281 rdf:type owl:Class ; # Furnace
owl:equivalentClass [
rdf:type owl:Class ;
owl:intersectionOf (
:COPI_0000124 # Heater
[
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000619 # ReactiveHeatingFunction
]
)
] ;
rdfs:label "furnace"@en ;
rdfs:label "forno"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A furnace is a heater that bears the function to induce chemical reactions in process fluids through heating."@en ;
skos:definition "A furnace is a heater that bears the function to induce chemical reactions in process fluids through heating."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um forno é um aquecedor que possui a função de induzir reações químicas em fluidos de processo através do aquecimento."@pt-br ;
iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every furnace is a heater that has the function to induce reactions in process fluids by heating them."@en ;
iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x(Furnace(x) ↔ Heater(x) ∧ ∃f(ReactiveHeatingFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))"@en ;
skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <FURNACE> is a <HEATER> that is intended to induce a reaction in a process fluid by heating it"@en ;
skos:definition "[CFIHOS] A physical object that is intended to induce a reaction in a process fluid by heating it."@en .
# Disjointness: Furnace and Boiler
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000281 :COPI_0000217 ) . # Furnace, Boiler
Axiomatization Decision Log
1
Identity-Giving Function
Function class
ReactiveHeatingFunction
⊑ HeatingFunction
Realized in
ReactiveHeatingProcess
⊑ HeatingProcess
The identity-giving function is to induce reactions in process fluids through heating. This is more specific than general heating (which only adds thermal energy) - it combines heating with the intended outcome of chemical transformation. This function is a subtype of HeatingFunction since it includes heating as the mechanism but adds the specific purpose of reaction induction.
2
Genus Determination
Heater
ISO 15926 explicitly states 'A <FURNACE> is a <HEATER>', making heater the direct genus. The heater class is already enriched in our ontology with HeatingFunction. This follows the Aristotelian principle of choosing the most specific appropriate superclass rather than jumping directly to Assembly.
3
Necessary Parts
No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).
These parts are universal to all furnaces regardless of specific design (forced draft, natural draft, horizontal, vertical, etc.). The combustion chamber provides the heating, and process fluid pathways enable the fluid to be exposed to the reactive heating environment.
4
Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
PortionOfFluid
— chemically reactive under heating conditions
FuelPortion
— combustible for heat generation
Outputs (O)
PortionOfFluid
— chemically transformed products
CombustionProduct
— exhaust from fuel combustion
Transformation (T)
chemical reaction induced by thermal energy addition
Furnaces transform input process fluids through thermal-induced chemical reactions while consuming fuel to generate the required heat. The key transformation is chemical reaction rather than just thermal energy addition.
5
Axiom Mode Decision
Necessary + Sufficient
— modelled as a defined class
(≡, EquivalentClass). Automatic classification is
appropriate for this concept.
Disjointness Axioms
boiler
C2: boiler. Furnaces induce chemical reactions while boilers induce phase change - these are incompatible transformation types for the same process stream
Cross-Standard Observations
Both ISO 15926 and CFIHOS provide consistent definitions focusing on reaction induction through heating. ISO 15926 provides the taxonomic relationship to HEATER while CFIHOS gives a more generic 'physical object' parent, but both capture the essential reactive heating function.
