Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations · INF-UFRGS-Ontologies · CNPq INF-UFRGS-ENERGIA inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi dee69df
ISA 5.1 symbol for ball control valve
exported necessary
ball control valve
IRI: http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Ballcontrolvalve
Generated on 2026-04-16
Natural Language Definition
EN
A ball control valve is a control valve that uses a spherical ball closure element with rotary actuation to modulate fluid flow in response to control signals.
PT-BR
Uma válvula de controle esférica é uma válvula de controle que usa um elemento de fechamento esférico com atuação rotativa para modular o fluxo de fluido em resposta a sinais de controle.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
BallControlValve SubClassOf ControlValve and hasComponentPartAtAllTimes some BallClosure and hasComponentPartAtAllTimes some RotaryActuator
First-Order Logic Theory
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▸ Stored override ∀x(BallControlValve(x) → ControlValve(x) ∧ ∃b(BallClosure(b) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,b)) ∧ ∃a(RotaryActuator(a) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,a)))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: BallControlValve <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :COPI_0000027 rdf:type owl:Class ; # ProcessControlledFlowFunction rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000026 ; # FlowControlFunction rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000033 # ProcessControlledFlowProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000033 # ProcessControlledFlowProcess ] ; rdfs:label "process controlled flow function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de controle de fluxo de processo"@pt-br . :COPI_0000026 rdf:type owl:Class . # FlowControlFunction ### Process type :COPI_0000033 rdf:type owl:Class ; # ProcessControlledFlowProcess rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ; rdfs:label "process controlled flow process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de controle de fluxo de processo"@pt-br . :COPI_0000033 # ProcessControlledFlowProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037 # PortionOfFluid ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037 # PortionOfFluid ] . ### Equipment universal: BallControlValve :COPI_0000094 rdf:type owl:Class ; # BallControlValve rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000087 ; # ControlValve rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000027 # ProcessControlledFlowFunction ] ; rdfs:label "ball control valve"@en ; rdfs:label "válvula de controle esférica"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A ball control valve is a control valve that uses a spherical ball closure element with rotary actuation to modulate fluid flow in response to control signals."@en ; skos:definition "A ball control valve is a control valve that uses a spherical ball closure element with rotary actuation to modulate fluid flow in response to control signals."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma válvula de controle esférica é uma válvula de controle que usa um elemento de fechamento esférico com atuação rotativa para modular o fluxo de fluido em resposta a sinais de controle."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "BallControlValve SubClassOf ControlValve and hasComponentPartAtAllTimes some BallClosure and hasComponentPartAtAllTimes some RotaryActuator"@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x(BallControlValve(x) → ControlValve(x) ∧ ∃b(BallClosure(b) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,b)) ∧ ∃a(RotaryActuator(a) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,a)))"@en ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "Using necessary conditions for this constructive subtype. While the ball closure mechanism is structurally distinctive, declaring equivalence could force classification of complex multi-way valves or specialized manifolds containing ball elements as standard ball control valves, which may not align with industrial maintenance categories."@en ; skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <BALL CONTROL VALVE> is an <INSTRUMENTATION ITEM> and a <CONTROL VALVE> and a <BALL VALVE>"@en ; skos:definition "[CFIHOS] A ball valve that is equipped with an actuator that manipulates a stream of fluid in the response to a signal from an external sensing element and with input of energy from an external source."@en . # Disjointness: BallControlValve and GateControlValve [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :COPI_0000094 :COPI_0000119 ) . # BallControlValve, GateControlValve # Disjointness: BallControlValve and GlobeControlValve [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :COPI_0000094 :COPI_0000122 ) . # BallControlValve, GlobeControlValve # Disjointness: BallControlValve and ButterflyControlValve [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :COPI_0000094 :COPI_0000099 ) . # BallControlValve, ButterflyControlValve
Axiomatization Decision Log
1 Identity-Giving Function
Function class
ProcessControlledFlowFunction ⊑ FlowControlFunction
Realized in
ProcessControlledFlowProcess ⊑ PlannedProcess
The identity-giving function is process-controlled flow regulation, inherited from control valve. This function distinguishes control valves from manual valves by requiring responsiveness to external control signals for automated process control.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
2 Genus Determination
ControlValve
ControlValve is the most specific appropriate superclass, already enriched in our ontology. Ball control valve is a subtype that adds the constructive constraint of ball closure mechanism to the functional control valve category. BallValve would be too narrow as genus since it lacks the control function identity.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
3 Necessary Parts

No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).

These parts are universal across all ball control valve instances and constitute the essential structural elements for the ball closure mechanism with automated control capability.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
4 Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
PortionOfFluid — any phase, controlled inlet
Outputs (O)
PortionOfFluid — same fluid, modulated flow rate
Transformation (T)
flow rate modulation through rotary ball positioning
Single inlet/outlet signature with flow modulation transformation. Ball rotation varies the flow area to achieve precise flow control in response to control signals.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
5 Axiom Mode Decision

Necessary conditions only — modelled as a primitive universal (⊑, SubClassOf). Identity is grounded in designed function and cannot be reduced to a property checklist.

Using necessary conditions for this constructive subtype. While the ball closure mechanism is structurally distinctive, declaring equivalence could force classification of complex multi-way valves or specialized manifolds containing ball elements as standard ball control valves, which may not align with industrial maintenance categories.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
Disjointness Axioms
GateControlValve GlobeControlValve ButterflyControlValve
C1: gate control valve, globe control valve, butterfly control valve. These control valve subtypes have incompatible closure mechanisms: sliding gate vs rotating ball vs rotating disc. The structural mechanisms are mutually exclusive.
Cross-Standard Observations
Both ISO 15926 and CFIHOS definitions align well, with ISO providing the taxonomic structure (intersection of ball valve and control valve) and CFIHOS adding operational detail about actuator responsiveness to external signals. The CFIHOS definition emphasizes the energy input requirement for actuation.

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