exported
necessary
centrifugal pump
IRI:
http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Centrifugalpump
Generated on 2026-04-12
Natural Language Definition
EN
A centrifugal pump is a pump that uses centrifugal force generated by rotating impellers with vanes to increase fluid pressure through a volute casing.
PT-BR
Uma bomba centrífuga é uma bomba que usa força centrífuga gerada por impulsores rotativos com pás para aumentar a pressão do fluido através de uma carcaça voluta.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
Every centrifugal pump is a pump that has a pumping function and has an impeller and a volute as component parts.
First-Order Logic Theory
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▸ Stored override
∀x (CentrifugalPump(x) → (Pump(x) ∧ ∃f(PumpingFunction(f) ∧ hasFunction(x,f)) ∧ ∃p(Impeller(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p)) ∧ ∃q(Volute(q) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,q))))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .
### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: CentrifugalPump
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:modified "2026-10-07"^^xsd:date ;
apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .
### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000066 rdf:type owl:Class ; # PumpingFunction
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000616 # PumpingProcess
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000616 # PumpingProcess
] ;
rdfs:label "pumping function"@en ;
rdfs:label "função de bombeamento"@pt-br .
### Process type
:COPI_0000616 rdf:type owl:Class ; # PumpingProcess
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000003 ; # MomentumTransfer
rdfs:label "pumping process"@en ;
rdfs:label "processo de bombeamento"@pt-br .
:COPI_0000003 rdf:type owl:Class . # MomentumTransfer
:COPI_0000616 # PumpingProcess
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037 # PortionOfFluid
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037 # PortionOfFluid
] .
### Equipment universal: CentrifugalPump
:COPI_0000102 rdf:type owl:Class ; # CentrifugalPump
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000072 ; # Pump
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000066 # PumpingFunction
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasComponentPartAtAllTimes ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000302 # Impeller
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasComponentPartAtAllTimes ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000741 # Volute
] ;
rdfs:label "centrifugal pump"@en ;
rdfs:label "bomba centrífuga"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A centrifugal pump is a pump that uses centrifugal force generated by rotating impellers with vanes to increase fluid pressure through a volute casing."@en ;
skos:definition "A centrifugal pump is a pump that uses centrifugal force generated by rotating impellers with vanes to increase fluid pressure through a volute casing."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma bomba centrífuga é uma bomba que usa força centrífuga gerada por impulsores rotativos com pás para aumentar a pressão do fluido através de uma carcaça voluta."@pt-br ;
iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every centrifugal pump is a pump that has a pumping function and has an impeller and a volute as component parts."@en ;
iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (CentrifugalPump(x) → (Pump(x) ∧ ∃f(PumpingFunction(f) ∧ hasFunction(x,f)) ∧ ∃p(Impeller(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p)) ∧ ∃q(Volute(q) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,q))))"@en ;
iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
iof-av:primitiveRationale "Constructive classification based on physical mechanism. Under Open World Assumption, any equipment with centrifugal impellers and volute casing could be inferred as a standard centrifugal pump, potentially misclassifying specialized hybrid equipment or complex pump systems that contain centrifugal stages but serve different operational roles."@en ;
skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <CENTRIFUGAL PUMP> is an <ARTEFACT> and a <PUMP> in which centrifugal force imparted by impeller is convered to pressure in the volute casing. NOTE - Combine with either BARE PUMP or PUMP SYSTEM,"@en ;
skos:definition "[CFIHOS] A dynamic pump that contains impellers provided with vanes to generate centrifugal force to achieve the required pressure head."@en ;
skos:definition "[SLB Glossary] A type of pump commonly used in the handling and mixing of oilfield fluids."@en ;
skos:definition "[OnePetro] Pump with an impeller or rotor that spins in a housing and the drag forces on the fluids cause them to flow."@en ;
skos:definition "[POSC Caesar] A dynamic pump utilizing impellers provided with vanes generating centrifugal force to achieve the required pressure head."@en .
:COPI_0000302 rdf:type owl:Class ; # Impeller
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ;
rdfs:label "impulsor"@pt-br ;
rdfs:label "impeller"@en .
:COPI_0000741 rdf:type owl:Class ; # Volute
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ;
rdfs:label "volute"@en .
# Disjointness: CentrifugalPump and PositiveDisplacementPump
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
owl:members ( :COPI_0000102 :COPI_0000331 ) . # CentrifugalPump, PositiveDisplacementPump
Axiomatization Decision Log
1
Identity-Giving Function
Function class
PumpingFunction
⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
PumpingProcess
⊑ MomentumTransfer
Reusing the existing PumpingFunction from the already-enriched 'pump' class, as centrifugal pumps perform the same identity-giving function of moving fluids by adding energy. The constructive differentia comes from the specific mechanism (centrifugal force via impellers).
✓
Expert review — Accepted
2
Genus Determination
Pump
From parent_candidates, 'Pump' is the most specific appropriate superclass and is already enriched in our ontology. Centrifugal pump is clearly a subtype of pump, sharing the same functional identity but distinguished by its specific mechanical implementation. 'Rotating Equipment' is too broad and crosses multiple equipment categories.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
3
Necessary Parts
| Part class | Parent | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| Impeller | MaterialArtifact | hasComponentPartAtAllTimes |
| Volute | MaterialArtifact | hasComponentPartAtAllTimes |
These parts represent the minimal physical components required for centrifugal pumping operation. The impeller and volute are specific to centrifugal design, while the shaft is necessary for power transmission.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
4
Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
PortionOfFluid
— liquid or gas at suction conditions
Outputs (O)
PortionOfFluid
— same fluid at higher pressure and kinetic energy
Transformation (T)
kinetic energy imparted to fluid via centrifugal force, converted to pressure energy
Centrifugal pumps take a single fluid stream and increase its pressure through centrifugal force mechanism, maintaining mass continuity while adding energy
✓
Expert review — Accepted
5
Axiom Mode Decision
Necessary conditions only
— modelled as a primitive universal
(⊑, SubClassOf). Identity is grounded in designed
function and cannot be reduced to a property checklist.
Constructive classification based on physical mechanism. Under Open World Assumption, any equipment with centrifugal impellers and volute casing could be inferred as a standard centrifugal pump, potentially misclassifying specialized hybrid equipment or complex pump systems that contain centrifugal stages but serve different operational roles.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
Disjointness Axioms
PositiveDisplacementPump
C1: PositiveDisplacementPump. Different energy transfer mechanisms: centrifugal force vs volumetric displacement vs axial momentum. These represent mutually exclusive operational principles for fluid energy addition.
Cross-Standard Observations
Strong consistency across sources on the centrifugal mechanism concept. ISO 15926 provides the most technical detail about volute casing conversion, while CFIHOS and POSC Caesar emphasize the dynamic nature. SLB provides minimal definition focused on application context rather than technical mechanism.