validated
equivalent
cap
IRI:
http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Cap
Generated on 2026-09-08
Natural Language Definition
EN
A cap is a material artifact that bears a closure function: a piece fitted over an opening or an end to close it off.
PT-BR
Uma tampa é um artefato material que porta uma função de fechamento: uma peça encaixada sobre uma abertura ou extremidade para fechá-la.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
Every cap is a material artifact that bears a closure function, and conversely.
First-Order Logic Theory
Loading…
▸ Stored override
∀x (Cap(x) ↔ MaterialArtifact(x) ∧ ∃f (ClosureFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .
### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: Cap
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:modified "2026-10-09"^^xsd:date ;
apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .
### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000748 rdf:type owl:Class ; # ClosureFunction
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000749 # ClosureProcess
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000749 # ClosureProcess
] ;
rdfs:label "closure function"@en ;
rdfs:label "função de fechamento"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in a ClosureProcess and that consists in covering or capping the top or end of an artefact, protecting or sealing it from the surrounding environment."@en ;
skos:definition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in a ClosureProcess and that consists in covering or capping the top or end of an artefact, protecting or sealing it from the surrounding environment."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma DesignedFunction que é realizada em um ClosureProcess e que consiste em cobrir ou tampar o topo ou a extremidade de um artefato, protegendo-o ou vedando-o em relação ao ambiente."@pt-br .
### Process type
:COPI_0000749 rdf:type owl:Class ; # ClosureProcess
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000009 ; # MaterialContainment
rdfs:label "closure process"@en ;
rdfs:label "processo de fechamento"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A PlannedProcess in which a cap is fitted over the top or end of an artefact, covering or sealing it."@en ;
skos:definition "A PlannedProcess in which a cap is fitted over the top or end of an artefact, covering or sealing it."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um PlannedProcess em que uma tampa é colocada sobre o topo ou a extremidade de um artefato, cobrindo-o ou vedando-o."@pt-br .
:COPI_0000009 rdf:type owl:Class . # MaterialContainment
### Equipment universal: Cap
:COPI_0000746 rdf:type owl:Class ; # Cap
owl:equivalentClass [
rdf:type owl:Class ;
owl:intersectionOf (
iof-core:MaterialArtifact
[
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000748 # ClosureFunction
]
)
] ;
rdfs:label "cap"@en ;
rdfs:label "tampa"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A cap is a material artifact that bears a closure function: a piece fitted over an opening or an end to close it off."@en ;
skos:definition "A cap is a material artifact that bears a closure function: a piece fitted over an opening or an end to close it off."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma tampa é um artefato material que porta uma função de fechamento: uma peça encaixada sobre uma abertura ou extremidade para fechá-la."@pt-br ;
iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every cap is a material artifact that bears a closure function, and conversely."@en ;
iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (Cap(x) ↔ MaterialArtifact(x) ∧ ∃f (ClosureFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))"@en ;
dcterms:source <https://standards.iso.org/iso/15926/-4/reference-data-item/CAP> .
Axiomatization Decision Log
1
Identity-Giving Function
Function class
ClosureFunction
⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
ClosureProcess
⊑ MaterialContainment
No already-enriched function is co-extensional: this is a generic covering/protective purpose, broader than any existing function (e.g. ContainmentFunction implies holding a substance inside a bounded volume; a cap merely covers an end/top, which may or may not be pressure- or fluid-bearing). New, independent function per the Reuse vs. Creation Policy.
2
Genus Determination
MaterialArtifact
bfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
Monolithic causally unified material artefact.
MaterialArtifact ≡ Object ⊓ ∃bearerOf.DesignedFunction.
No more specific enriched domain superclass fits a generic 'hood or covering for the top or end of something' that is not itself pipe-, valve-, or vessel-specific; MaterialArtifact (the IOF-Core root) is used directly, matching the pattern for other root-level generic artefacts (e.g. gasket, seat, spacer).
3
Necessary Parts
No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).
No structural component is named in either cross-source definition; the concept is defined purely by its covering purpose.
4
Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
—
Outputs (O)
—
Transformation (T)
no fluid participants -- the cap covers or seals the end of another artefact, a passive protective/enclosing role
Passive covering role, matching the 'containment' canonical term's description of passive enclosure devices.
5
Axiom Mode Decision
Necessary + Sufficient
— modelled as a defined class
(≡, EquivalentClass). Automatic classification is
appropriate for this concept.
Cross-Standard Observations
ISO 15926-4 and CFIHOS definitions are near-identical. Note: SLB Glossary and OnePetro Glossary both have unrelated homonym entries for 'cap' (blasting cap explosive charge; 'capacity' abbreviation) -- not used as grounding, recorded as context only, not a formal divergence since they clearly denote different concepts entirely rather than diverging classifications of the same one.
Reviewer Notes
Step 2b consciously not pursued: this is a deliberately generic, root-level genus (built to host PipeCap / ThreadedPipeCap as constructive subtypes), and two consistent cross-source primaries already ground it fully. No secondary/tertiary sourcing needed for a purely functional, partless differentia. 2026-09-15 export review: Excluded homonyms: OnePetro 'CAP' (Capacity.) and SLB 'cap' (explosive charge). Definition reworded 2026-09-24 (pre-deposit copyright review): the previous wording reused the source standard's phrasing.
