validated
equivalent
siphon
IRI:
http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Siphon
Generated on 2026-09-08
Natural Language Definition
EN
A siphon is a pipe that bears a siphonic transfer function: once primed, it conveys liquid upward from a reservoir over a crest and down to a lower discharge point, sustained by atmospheric pressure and gravity without continuous external power.
PT-BR
Um sifao e um tubo que possui uma funcao de transferencia sifonica: uma vez escorvado, conduz liquido para cima de um reservatorio sobre uma crista e para baixo ate um ponto de descarga mais baixo, sustentado por pressao atmosferica e gravidade sem energia externa continua.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
Every siphon is a pipe that bears a siphonic transfer function, and conversely.
First-Order Logic Theory
Loading…
▸ Stored override
∀x (Siphon(x) ↔ Pipe(x) ∧ ∃f (SiphonicTransferFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .
### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: Siphon
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ;
apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .
### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000783 rdf:type owl:Class ; # SiphonicTransferFunction
rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000529 ; # FluidConductionFunction
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000784 # SiphonicTransferProcess
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000784 # SiphonicTransferProcess
] ;
rdfs:label "siphonic transfer function"@en ;
rdfs:label "função de transferência por sifão"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A FlowControlFunction subtype (specializing FluidConductionFunction) that is realized in a SiphonicTransferProcess and that consists in conveying liquid from a reservoir up over a crest and down to a lower discharge point, sustained by atmospheric pressure and gravity once the tube is primed, without continuous external power input."@en ;
skos:definition "A FlowControlFunction subtype (specializing FluidConductionFunction) that is realized in a SiphonicTransferProcess and that consists in conveying liquid from a reservoir up over a crest and down to a lower discharge point, sustained by atmospheric pressure and gravity once the tube is primed, without continuous external power input."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um subtipo de FluidConductionFunction que é realizado em um SiphonicTransferProcess e que consiste em conduzir líquido de um reservatório, subindo por cima de uma crista e descendo até um ponto de descarga mais baixo, sustentado pela pressão atmosférica e pela gravidade depois que o tubo é escorvado, sem aporte contínuo de energia externa."@pt-br .
:COPI_0000529 rdf:type owl:Class ; # FluidConductionFunction
rdfs:label "função de condução de fluido"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in a FluidConductionProcess and that consists in conveying a fluid from one point to another through an enclosed conduit."@en ;
skos:definition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in a FluidConductionProcess and that consists in conveying a fluid from one point to another through an enclosed conduit."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma DesignedFunction que é realizada em um FluidConductionProcess e que consiste em conduzir um fluido de um ponto a outro por um conduto fechado."@pt-br .
### Process type
:COPI_0000784 rdf:type owl:Class ; # SiphonicTransferProcess
rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ;
rdfs:label "siphonic transfer process"@en ;
rdfs:label "processo de transferência por sifão"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A PlannedProcess in which a primed column of liquid in a tube is driven from a source reservoir, over a crest above the source's free surface, and down to a discharge point below it, by the head difference between the tube's two legs and atmospheric pressure acting on the source surface."@en ;
skos:definition "A PlannedProcess in which a primed column of liquid in a tube is driven from a source reservoir, over a crest above the source's free surface, and down to a discharge point below it, by the head difference between the tube's two legs and atmospheric pressure acting on the source surface."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um PlannedProcess em que uma coluna de líquido escorvada dentro de um tubo é conduzida de um reservatório de origem, passando por uma crista acima da superfície livre da origem, até um ponto de descarga abaixo dela, pela diferença de carga entre os dois ramos do tubo e pela pressão atmosférica que atua sobre a superfície da origem."@pt-br .
:COPI_0000784 # SiphonicTransferProcess
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000038 # PortionOfLiquid
] ;
rdfs:subClassOf [
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000038 # PortionOfLiquid
] .
### Equipment universal: Siphon
:COPI_0000782 rdf:type owl:Class ; # Siphon
owl:equivalentClass [
rdf:type owl:Class ;
owl:intersectionOf (
:COPI_0000321 # Pipe
[
rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000783 # SiphonicTransferFunction
]
)
] ;
rdfs:label "siphon"@en ;
rdfs:label "sifão"@pt-br ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A siphon is a pipe that bears a siphonic transfer function: once primed, it conveys liquid upward from a reservoir over a crest and down to a lower discharge point, sustained by atmospheric pressure and gravity without continuous external power."@en ;
skos:definition "A siphon is a pipe that bears a siphonic transfer function: once primed, it conveys liquid upward from a reservoir over a crest and down to a lower discharge point, sustained by atmospheric pressure and gravity without continuous external power."@en ;
iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um sifao e um tubo que possui uma funcao de transferencia sifonica: uma vez escorvado, conduz liquido para cima de um reservatorio sobre uma crista e para baixo ate um ponto de descarga mais baixo, sustentado por pressao atmosferica e gravidade sem energia externa continua."@pt-br ;
iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every siphon is a pipe that bears a siphonic transfer function, and conversely."@en ;
iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (Siphon(x) ↔ Pipe(x) ∧ ∃f (SiphonicTransferFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))"@en ;
skos:altLabel "syphon"@en ;
dcterms:source <https://standards.iso.org/iso/15926/-4/reference-data-item/SIPHON> .
Axiomatization Decision Log
1
Identity-Giving Function
Function class
SiphonicTransferFunction
⊑ FluidConductionFunction
Realized in
SiphonicTransferProcess
⊑ PlannedProcess
The identity-giving trait is the unpowered, self-sustaining transfer capability itself (distinguishing it from a generic FluidConductionFunction-bearing Pipe, which does not inherently move liquid uphill), grounded verbatim in the primary definition and detailed by secondary/tertiary hydrostatics sources.
2
Genus Determination
Pipe
Parent candidates FLUID CONDUCTOR and CLOSED FLUID TRANSPORTER are not themselves enriched. Pipe (already enriched, function=FluidConductionFunction) is the closest enriched supertype and matches the physical form (a tube); the siphonic behavior is captured as a functional specialization rather than requiring a new unenriched intermediate genus.
3
Necessary Parts
No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).
The commonly-cited 'short leg' / 'long leg' / 'crest' (triangulated across two independent tertiary sources) are fiat-demarcated regions of a single continuous tube, not separately assembled components -- modeling them via hasComponentPartAtAllTimes would misrepresent a mereological relation that does not hold (they are not removable/replaceable parts). The geometric asymmetry they describe is instead captured qualitatively in differentia_nl and the process signature.
4
Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
PortionOfLiquid
— liquid at the source reservoir's free surface, at or below atmospheric pressure
Outputs (O)
PortionOfLiquid
— same liquid, discharged at a point below the source surface
Transformation (T)
liquid raised over a crest above the source surface and delivered to a lower discharge point, driven by the head difference between the tube's two legs and atmospheric pressure, once the tube is primed
Passive fluid transport (no mechanical work added, unlike a pump) fits the fluid_transport canonical term, same as the genus Pipe; the siphonic-specific detail (crossing a crest above the source) is captured in the transformation phrase and Step 3's differentia rather than a distinct transformation_kind.
5
Axiom Mode Decision
Necessary + Sufficient
— modelled as a defined class
(≡, EquivalentClass). Automatic classification is
appropriate for this concept.
Cross-Standard Observations
Only ISO 15926-4 defines this exact term in terms.db. Tertiary web sources (firgelliauto.com, thisoldhouse.com -- 2 independent domains) triangulate the short-leg/long-leg/crest structural vocabulary and priming mechanism, used as interpretive context for the function definitions above, not as necessary_parts (see Step 4 rationale for why they are not modeled as separable parts). ISO 15926-4 also has separate THERMOSYPHON COOLING SYSTEM / THERMOSYPHON REBOILER entries (unpowered convective circulation) that are conceptually analogous but not merged here, since those are heat-transfer devices, not simple liquid conduits.
Reviewer Notes
Step 2b/2c (enrich-term skill): triangulated 2 independent tertiary sources for the short-leg/long-leg/crest structural vocabulary and priming height limits. Not written to necessary_parts -- these are fiat-demarcated regions of one continuous tube, not separable components (see step4 rationale). 2026-09-15 export review: core_operation_gap recorded (core_coverage_gap); process_parent MomentumTransfer → PlannedProcess.
