Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations · INF-UFRGS-Ontologies · CNPq INF-UFRGS-ENERGIA inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi dee69df
ISA 5.1 symbol for compressor
exported equivalent
compressor
IRI: http://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi#Compressor
Generated on 2026-04-09
Natural Language Definition
EN
A compressor is an assembly that bears the designed function of compressing gases by adding mechanical energy to increase their pressure.
PT-BR
Um compressor é um conjunto que possui a função projetada de comprimir gases através da adição de energia mecânica para aumentar sua pressão.
Formal Axioms
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)
Every compressor is an assembly that bears a compression function and has component parts including a compressor casing, compression element, gas inlet, and gas outlet.
First-Order Logic Theory
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▸ Stored override ∀x (Compressor(x) ↔ Assembly(x) ∧ ∃f(CompressionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: Compressor <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :COPI_0000067 rdf:type owl:Class ; # CompressionFunction rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000435 # CompressionProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000435 # CompressionProcess ] ; rdfs:label "compression function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de compressão"@pt-br . ### Process type :COPI_0000435 rdf:type owl:Class ; # CompressionProcess rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000003 ; # MomentumTransfer rdfs:label "compression process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de compressão"@pt-br . :COPI_0000003 rdf:type owl:Class . # MomentumTransfer :COPI_0000435 # CompressionProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000039 # PortionOfGas ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000039 # PortionOfGas ] . ### Equipment universal: Compressor :COPI_0000073 rdf:type owl:Class ; # Compressor owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( iof-core:Assembly [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000067 # CompressionFunction ] ) ] ; rdfs:label "compressor"@en ; rdfs:label "compressor"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A compressor is an assembly that bears the designed function of compressing gases by adding mechanical energy to increase their pressure."@en ; skos:definition "A compressor is an assembly that bears the designed function of compressing gases by adding mechanical energy to increase their pressure."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um compressor é um conjunto que possui a função projetada de comprimir gases através da adição de energia mecânica para aumentar sua pressão."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every compressor is an assembly that bears a compression function and has component parts including a compressor casing, compression element, gas inlet, and gas outlet."@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (Compressor(x) ↔ Assembly(x) ∧ ∃f(CompressionFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)))"@en ; skos:definition "[ISO 15926-4] A <COMPRESSOR> is a <FunctionalObject> that has the capability of <COMPRESSING> a <GAS>"@en ; skos:definition "[CFIHOS] A physical object that is driven by a prime mover by which energy is either constantly or periodically added to an amount of gas in order to increase its pressure."@en ; skos:definition "[DEXPI] A machine that has the capability of compressing a gas."@en ; skos:definition "[SLB Glossary] A device that raises the pressure of air or natural gas."@en ; skos:definition "[OnePetro] A type of pump that increases the pressure of gas. Commonly used as a production rate increaser by increasing the gas pressure delivered from low pressure gas wells to enter the pipe line. The intake into the compressor lowers the wellhead pressure creating a larger drawdown."@en ; skos:definition "[POSC Caesar] A 'gas pressure increase device' and an 'artefact' that is driven by a prime mover by which energy is either constantly or periodically added to an amount of gas in order to increase its pressure."@en . # Disjointness: Compressor and Pump [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :COPI_0000073 :COPI_0000072 ) . # Compressor, Pump # Disjointness: Compressor and Turbine [] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :COPI_0000073 :COPI_0000366 ) . # Compressor, Turbine
Axiomatization Decision Log
1 Identity-Giving Function
Function class
CompressionFunction ⊑ DesignedFunction
Realized in
CompressionProcess ⊑ MomentumTransfer
The compression function is identity-giving - what makes a compressor a compressor is its designed capability to compress gases by adding energy to increase pressure. This distinguishes it from pumps (liquid handling) and other fluid machinery.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
2 Genus Determination
Assembly bfo:Object (BFO_0000030)

Causally unified material artefact composed of physically connected, separable MaterialComponent parts. Satisfies Assembly ⊑ MaterialArtifact ⊑ bfo:Object.

No domain-specific superclass exists in parent_candidates that is more specific than the BFO/IOF-Core roots. While 'ProcessEquipment' appears in DEXPI hierarchy, it's too broad and not ontologically well-defined. Compressors are causally unified machines with removable subcomponents (impellers, casings, bearings, seals) that can be disassembled for maintenance - fitting the Assembly pattern. They are single maintainable units with one causal boundary.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
3 Necessary Parts

No necessary parts recorded (concept may be primitive at this level).

These parts represent the minimum physical components that every compressor must have to realize its compression function, regardless of the specific compression mechanism employed.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
4 Process Participation Signature ⟨I, O, T⟩
Inputs (I)
PortionOfGas — lower pressure
Outputs (O)
PortionOfGas — higher pressure, same composition
Transformation (T)
mechanical energy added to gas to increase pressure through compression
Compressors take low-pressure gas and output the same gas at higher pressure by adding mechanical energy. The gas composition remains essentially unchanged but pressure and often temperature increase.
✓
Expert review — Accepted
5 Axiom Mode Decision

Necessary + Sufficient — modelled as a defined class (≡, EquivalentClass). Automatic classification is appropriate for this concept.

✓
Expert review — Accepted
Disjointness Axioms
Pump Turbine
C2: Pump, Turbine. Incompatible process signatures: Pump handles liquids not gases, Turbine extracts energy rather than adding it, Expander decreases rather than increases gas pressure
Cross-Standard Observations
Strong consistency across standards in functional definition. ISO 15926 emphasizes the gas compression capability, CFIHOS and POSC Caesar provide more technical detail about energy addition and prime mover driven operation. OnePetro specifically mentions pressure increase for pipeline applications. All sources agree on the core function despite varied technical emphases.

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