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validated necessary COPI_0000786
Temperature Measuring Instrument - Bimetal
IRI: https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000786
Generated onGerado em 2026-09-08
Natural Language DefinitionDefinição em Linguagem Natural
EN
A bimetallic thermometer is an analogue temperature indicator whose dial pointer is actuated by a coiled bimetallic strip that deflects with differential thermal expansion.
PT-BR
Um termometro bimetalico e um indicador analogico de temperatura cujo ponteiro e acionado por uma lamina bimetalica enrolada que se deflete por expansao termica diferencial.
Formal AxiomsAxiomas Formais
Semi-formal (Aristotelian)Semi-formal (Aristotélico)
Every bimetallic thermometer is an analogue temperature indicator that bears a temperature indication function and has a bimetallic coil as a component part, which drives the dial pointer.
First-Order Logic TheoryTeoria em Lógica de Primeira Ordem
[Necessary condition]∀x (TemperatureMeasuringInstrumentBimetal(x) → AnalogueTemperatureIndicator(x) ∧ ∃f (TemperatureIndicationFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f))) — Steps 1–3: genus + identity-giving function [Function axiom: TemperatureIndicationFunction]∀f (TemperatureIndicationFunction(f) → ∀p (realizedIn(f,p) → TemperatureIndicationProcess(p)) ∧ ∃p (TemperatureIndicationProcess(p) ∧ realizedIn(f,p))) — Step 1: ∀ preserves type-type identity; ∃ rules out vacuous functions never realised [Structural differentia (necessary only)]∀x (TemperatureMeasuringInstrumentBimetal(x) → ∃hasComponentPartAtAllTimes.BimetallicCoil) — Step 3: structural property — necessary condition, not sufficient (OWA prevents ≡) [Necessary part: BimetallicCoil]∀x (TemperatureMeasuringInstrumentBimetal(x) → ∃p (BimetallicCoil(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p))) — Step 4: mereological commitment — every instance must have this part [Process participation signature]∀x ∀f ((TemperatureMeasuringInstrumentBimetal(x) ∧ TemperatureIndicationFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) → ∃m (PortionOfFluid(m) ∧ participatesIn(m,f)) ∧ ∃e (TemperatureMeasurementResult(e) ∧ participatesIn(e,f)) ∧ processType(f,MeasurementTransduction)) — Step 5: typed participants in the realising process
OWL 2 / Turtle
@prefix copi: <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix : <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> . @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> . @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . @prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . @prefix bfo: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> . @prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> . @prefix iof-av: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> . @prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . @prefix qudt: <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> . @prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . @prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . @prefix apv: <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> . ### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations ### Class module: TemperatureMeasuringInstrumentBimetal <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi> rdf:type owl:Ontology ; dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ; dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ; dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ; skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ; skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ; skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ; owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ; owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ; owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ; dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ; dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ; dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ; dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ; dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ; dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ; dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ; dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ; dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ; dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-10-07"^^xsd:date ; apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ; apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ; apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" . iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 . ### Identity-giving function :TemperatureIndicationFunction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :IndicationFunction ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:allValuesFrom :TemperatureIndicationProcess ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ; # realizedIn owl:someValuesFrom :TemperatureIndicationProcess ] ; rdfs:label "temperature indication function"@en ; rdfs:label "função de indicação de temperatura"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in a TemperatureIndicationProcess and that consists in displaying a local, human-readable representation of a sensed temperature."@en ; skos:definition "A DesignedFunction that is realized in a TemperatureIndicationProcess and that consists in displaying a local, human-readable representation of a sensed temperature."@en . :IndicationFunction rdf:type owl:Class . ### Process type :TemperatureIndicationProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MeasurementProcess ; rdfs:label "temperature indication process"@en ; rdfs:label "processo de indicação de temperatura"@pt-br ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A PlannedProcess in which a sensed temperature is converted into mechanical or visual displacement of an indicator, without remote signal transmission."@en ; skos:definition "A PlannedProcess in which a sensed temperature is converted into mechanical or visual displacement of an indicator, without remote signal transmission."@en . :MeasurementProcess rdf:type owl:Class . :TemperatureIndicationProcess rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ; owl:someValuesFrom :PortionOfFluid ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ; owl:someValuesFrom :TemperatureMeasurementResult ] . ### Equipment universal: TemperatureMeasuringInstrumentBimetal :TemperatureMeasuringInstrumentBimetal rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AnalogueTemperatureIndicator ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ; # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart) owl:someValuesFrom :TemperatureIndicationFunction ] ; rdfs:subClassOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty iof-core:hasComponentPartAtAllTimes ; owl:someValuesFrom :BimetallicCoil ] ; rdfs:label "temperature measuring instrument bimetal"@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A bimetallic thermometer is an analogue temperature indicator whose dial pointer is actuated by a coiled bimetallic strip that deflects with differential thermal expansion."@en ; skos:definition "A bimetallic thermometer is an analogue temperature indicator whose dial pointer is actuated by a coiled bimetallic strip that deflects with differential thermal expansion."@en ; iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um termometro bimetalico e um indicador analogico de temperatura cujo ponteiro e acionado por uma lamina bimetalica enrolada que se deflete por expansao termica diferencial."@pt-br ; iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every bimetallic thermometer is an analogue temperature indicator that bears a temperature indication function and has a bimetallic coil as a component part, which drives the dial pointer."@en ; iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (BimetallicThermometer(x) → AnalogueTemperatureIndicator(x) ∧ ∃f (TemperatureIndicationFunction(f) ∧ bearerOf(x,f)) ∧ ∃p (BimetallicCoil(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p)))"@en ; iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ; iof-av:primitiveRationale "Constructive subtype reusing genus and function unchanged (same-genus-same-function rule): sufficiency is not asserted so a device with an incidentally-present bimetallic component for an unrelated purpose is not forcibly classified as this instrument type under OWA."@en ; skos:altLabel "bi-metal thermometer"@en ; skos:altLabel "bimetallic thermometer"@en ; :BimetallicCoil rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ; rdfs:label "bimetallic coil"@en .
Axiomatization Decision LogRegistro de Decisões
1 Identity-Giving FunctionFunção Identitária
Function class
TemperatureIndicationFunction ⊑ IndicationFunction
Realized in
TemperatureIndicationProcess ⊑ MeasurementProcess
Reused verbatim from the already-enriched genus 'analogue temperature indicator' per the constructive-type rule.
2 Genus DeterminationDeterminação do Gênero
AnalogueTemperatureIndicatorbfo:Object (BFO_0000030)
Primary source names TEMPERATURE MEASURING INSTRUMENT as parent, but that ISO 15926-4 chain is not itself enriched in the ontology. 'analogue temperature indicator' (already enriched, genus=Instrument, differentia=AnalogueDial) is a genuine and more specific supertype: a bimetal dial thermometer is, by construction, an analogue-dial temperature indicator whose dial is driven by a bimetallic coil rather than some other analogue mechanism.
3 Differentia SpecificaDiferença Específica
∃hasComponentPartAtAllTimes.BimetallicCoil

Uses a coiled bimetallic strip, rather than some other analogue sensing mechanism (e.g. liquid- or gas-filled bulb), to actuate the dial pointer.

The one additional structural condition beyond the genus's already-asserted analogue dial: the specific bimetallic-coil mechanism that converts temperature into needle rotation, per both the ISO 15926-4 primary reference to a bimetal measuring element and the secondary (Wikipedia) description of the coil-to-needle linkage.
4 Necessary PartsPartes Necessárias
Part classParentRelation
BimetallicCoilMaterialArtifacthasComponentPartAtAllTimes
Only the bimetallic coil is asserted; the analogue dial itself is already a necessary part inherited from the genus AnalogueTemperatureIndicator and is not re-asserted here.
Process Participation SignatureAssinatura de Participação em Processo
InputsEntradas
{'type': 'PortionOfFluid', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'process fluid or ambient medium whose temperature is sensed via direct thermal contact'}
OutputsSaídas
{'type': 'TemperatureMeasurementResult', 'count': 1, 'constraints': 'local visual indication of temperature on a graduated dial'}
TransformationTransformação
differential thermal expansion of the bimetallic coil converted into rotational needle displacement, read as a temperature value
Same measurement-transduction signature as the parent analogue temperature indicator; no new participant types needed.
MetadataMetadados
COPI IDCOPI IDCOPI_0000786
IRIIRIhttps://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/COPI_0000786
StatusStatusvalidated
Axiom modeModonecessary
CreatedCriado2026-09-08
UpdatedAtualizado2026-09-10
LLM modelModelo LLMclaude-sonnet-5
VersionVersão2026-10-07
ISA 5.1-2022 — wikimedia/instrument_field.svg
Quick factsDados rápidos
GenusGêneroAnalogueTemperatureIndicator
Root classClasse raizMaterialArtifact
Axiom modeModonecessary
FunctionFunçãoTemperatureIndicationFunction
ProcessProcessoTemperatureIndicationProcess
PartsPartes1
Source DefinitionsDefinições nas Fontes 1 source
ISO 15926-4 TEMPERATURE MEASURING INSTRUMENT - BIMETAL
Definition text withheld (copyrighted standard) — follow the source link above.Texto da definição omitido (norma protegida por direitos autorais) — acesse o link da fonte acima.
Provenance tiersCamadas de proveniência secondary: partial
?
How much independent secondary research backs this term — not how correct it is. "Full" means a non-primary source was quoted directly and covered several distinct aspects of the concept, not just its function. "Partial" means secondary research happened but covered less. "None" means only the primary definition was used. A "full" term can still contain an error, and a "none" term can still be entirely correct — this tracks whether the research step ran, not the result.Quanto de pesquisa secundária independente sustenta este termo — não o quão correto ele é. "Full" significa que uma fonte não-primária foi citada literalmente e cobriu vários aspectos distintos do conceito, não apenas sua função. "Partial" significa que houve pesquisa secundária, mas com cobertura menor. "None" significa que só a definição primária foi usada. Um termo "full" ainda pode conter um erro, e um termo "none" ainda pode estar totalmente correto — isso rastreia se a etapa de pesquisa ocorreu, não o resultado.
primarystandardverbatimiso15926[structure]
A <TEMPERATURE MEASURING INSTRUMENT - BIMETAL> is an <INSTRUMENTATION ITEM> and a <TEMPERATURE MEASURING INSTRUMENT> that handles the measurement results of a <TEMPERATURE MEASURING ELEMENT - BIMETAL>
secondaryencyclopediaverbatimWikipedia[mechanism, structure]
The coil changes the linear movement of the metal expansion into a circular movement thanks to the helicoidal shape it draws. One end of the coil is fixed to the housing of the device as a fix point and the other drives an indicating needle inside a circular indicator.

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