@prefix copi:    <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix :         <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl:      <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf:      <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs:     <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd:      <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo:      <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av:   <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos:     <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt:     <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms:  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf:     <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv:      <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .

### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
    rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
    dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
    dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
    dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
    skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
    skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
    skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
    skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
    owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
    owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
    owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
    dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
    dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
    dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
    dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
    dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
    dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
    dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ;
    apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
    apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
    apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .

iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .

### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000068 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # HeatTransferFunction
    rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ;  # realizedIn
        owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000004  # HeatTransferProcess
    ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ;  # realizedIn
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000004  # HeatTransferProcess
    ] ;
    rdfs:label "heat transfer function"@en ;
    rdfs:label "função de transferência de calor"@pt-br .

### Process type
:COPI_0000004 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # HeatTransferProcess
    rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:PlannedProcess ;
    rdfs:label "heat transfer process"@en ;
    rdfs:label "processo de transferência de calor"@pt-br .

:COPI_0000004  # HeatTransferProcess
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037  # PortionOfFluid
    ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037  # PortionOfFluid
    ] .

### Equipment universal: ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger
:COPI_0000074 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger
    rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000092 ;  # HeatExchanger
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ;  # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000068  # HeatTransferFunction
    ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasComponentPartAtAllTimes ;
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000374  # VesselShell
    ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasComponentPartAtAllTimes ;
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000732  # TubeBundle
    ] ;
    rdfs:label "shell and tube heat exchanger"@en ;
    rdfs:label "trocador de calor de casco e tubos"@pt-br ;
    iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A shell and tube heat exchanger is a heat exchanger that has a tube bundle spatially contained within a surrounding shell."@en ;
    skos:definition "A shell and tube heat exchanger is a heat exchanger that has a tube bundle spatially contained within a surrounding shell."@en ;
    iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Um trocador de calor de casco e tubos é um trocador de calor que possui um feixe de tubos contido espacialmente dentro de um casco envolvente."@pt-br ;
    iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every shell and tube heat exchanger is a heat exchanger that has a tube bundle as component part and has a shell as component part, where the tube bundle is spatially contained within the shell."@en ;
    iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger(x) → HeatExchanger(x) ∧ ∃tb(TubeBundle(tb) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,tb)) ∧ ∃s(Shell(s) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,s) ∧ spatiallyContains(s,tb))"@en ;
    iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
    iof-av:primitiveRationale "Using necessary conditions for this constructive type to avoid false positives under OWA. Any equipment with a shell and tube bundle could theoretically be classified as a standard shell-and-tube heat exchanger, but specialized variants (like graphite shell-and-tube or custom multi-stream designs) should not be automatically forced into this maintenance category without domain expert validation."@en ;

:COPI_0000374 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # VesselShell
    rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ;
    rdfs:label "parte de objeto por fiat"@pt-br ;
    rdfs:label "vessel shell"@en .

:COPI_0000732 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # TubeBundle
    rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:Assembly ;
    rdfs:label "feixe tubular"@pt-br ;
    rdfs:label "tube bundle"@en .

# Disjointness: ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger and PlateHeatExchanger
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
    owl:members ( :COPI_0000074 :COPI_0000139 ) .  # ShellAndTubeHeatExchanger, PlateHeatExchanger