@prefix copi:    <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix :         <https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi/> .
@prefix owl:      <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf:      <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs:     <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd:      <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix bfo:      <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix iof-core: <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/> .
@prefix iof-av:   <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/> .
@prefix skos:     <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix qudt:     <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> .
@prefix dcterms:  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf:     <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix apv:      <http://inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/apv#> .

### COPI — Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations
### Class module: PistonCheckValve
<https://www.inf.ufrgs.br/ontologies/copi>
    rdf:type owl:Ontology ;
    dcterms:title "Core Ontology for Petroleum Installations (COPI)"@en ;
    dcterms:title "Ontologia Core para Instalações de Petróleo (COPI)"@pt-br ;
    dcterms:description "BFO/IOF-Core conformant ontology of equipment classes for petroleum production plants, developed using the five-step RDL enrichment method."@en ;
    skos:scopeNote "Material artifacts (bfo:material_entity) that (i) are part of a petroleum production plant, and (ii) bear at least one function whose realization involves the transport (e.g. production and injection), processing (separation and other processes), control, monitoring, measurement, containment or offloading of material or energy."@en ;
    skos:scopeNote "Artefatos materiais (bfo:material_entity) que (i) fazem parte de uma planta de produção de petróleo, e (ii) possuem ao menos uma função cuja realização envolve o transporte (p. ex. produção e injeção), processamento (separação e outros processos), controle, monitoramento, medição, contenção ou escoamento de material ou energia."@pt-br ;
    skos:scopeNote "COPI provides high-level equipment categories defined by function to demonstrate the defined-class mechanism. Equipment subtypes are annotated with references to CFIHOS and PCA RDL terms. COPI is not a reference data library; organizations should use CFIHOS, PCA RDL, or ISO 14224 for comprehensive equipment classification."@en ;
    skos:scopeNote "COPI fornece categorias de alto nível de equipamentos definidas por função para demonstrar o mecanismo de classe definida. Os subtipos de equipamentos são anotados com referências aos termos do CFIHOS e do PCA RDL. COPI não é uma biblioteca de dados de referência; organizações devem utilizar o CFIHOS, o PCA RDL ou a ISO 14224 para classificação abrangente de equipamentos."@pt-br ;
    owl:versionInfo "1.1.0" ;
    owl:imports <https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/> ;
    owl:imports <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/2020/bfo.owl> ;
    dcterms:creator "Nicolau Oyhenard dos Santos"@en ;
    dcterms:contributor "Cauã Antunes" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Haroldo Rojas" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Rafael Petry" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Régis Romeu" ;
    dcterms:contributor "Mara Abel" ;
    dcterms:isPartOf <https://inf.ufrgs.br/projetos/OntoKG> ;
    dcterms:publisher "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)"@en ;
    dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
    dcterms:created "2026-04-08"^^xsd:date ;
    dcterms:modified "2026-10-08"^^xsd:date ;
    apv:GlobalMinLanguageCoverage "en pt-br" ;
    apv:ClassURIFormationRule "https://www[.]inf[.]ufrgs[.]br/ontologies/copi/(COPI_[0-9]{7}|[A-Z][A-Za-z0-9]*)" ;
    apv:ClassMinAnnotationCoverage "rdfs:label https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/annotation/naturalLanguageDefinition" .

iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    apv:MinAnnotationLength 20 .

### Identity-giving function
:COPI_0000161 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # BackflowPreventionFunction
    rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:DesignedFunction ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ;  # realizedIn
        owl:allValuesFrom :COPI_0000415  # BackflowPreventionProcess
    ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty bfo:BFO_0000054 ;  # realizedIn
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000415  # BackflowPreventionProcess
    ] ;
    rdfs:label "backflow prevention function"@en ;
    rdfs:label "função de prevenção de refluxo"@pt-br .

### Process type
:COPI_0000415 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # BackflowPreventionProcess
    rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000010 ;  # FlowControl
    rdfs:label "backflow prevention process"@en ;
    rdfs:label "processo de prevenção de refluxo"@pt-br .

:COPI_0000010 rdf:type owl:Class .  # FlowControl

:COPI_0000415  # BackflowPreventionProcess
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasInput ;
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037  # PortionOfFluid
    ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasSpecifiedOutput ;
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000037  # PortionOfFluid
    ] .

### Equipment universal: PistonCheckValve
:COPI_0000138 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # PistonCheckValve
    rdfs:subClassOf :COPI_0000103 ;  # CheckValve
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasFunction ;  # Object branch (MaterialArtifact/Assembly/Object/FiatObjectPart)
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000161  # BackflowPreventionFunction
    ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [
        rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty iof-core:hasComponentPartAtAllTimes ;
        owl:someValuesFrom :COPI_0000730  # Piston
    ] ;
    rdfs:label "piston check valve"@en ;
    rdfs:label "válvula de retenção tipo pistão"@pt-br ;
    iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "A piston check valve is a check valve that has a piston-type closure member that moves linearly along the flow axis under gravity or spring loading to prevent backflow."@en ;
    skos:definition "A piston check valve is a check valve that has a piston-type closure member that moves linearly along the flow axis under gravity or spring loading to prevent backflow."@en ;
    iof-av:naturalLanguageDefinition "Uma válvula de retenção tipo pistão é uma válvula de retenção que possui um elemento de fechamento tipo pistão que se move linearmente ao longo do eixo de fluxo sob ação da gravidade ou mola para prevenir refluxo."@pt-br ;
    iof-av:semiFormalNaturalLanguageAxiom "Every piston check valve is a check valve that has a backflow prevention function and has a piston as a component part."@en ;
    iof-av:firstOrderLogicAxiom "∀x (PistonCheckValve(x) → (CheckValve(x) ∧ ∃f(BackflowPreventionFunction(f) ∧ hasFunction(x,f)) ∧ ∃p(Piston(p) ∧ hasComponentPartAtAllTimes(x,p))))"@en ;
    iof-av:isPrimitive "true"^^xsd:boolean ;
    iof-av:primitiveRationale "Using necessary conditions because this is a constructive type defined by physical mechanism. Under Open World Assumption, any artifact with a piston closure could potentially be classified as piston check valve, but specialized hybrid valves or custom manifolds containing piston mechanisms should not be automatically asserted into this standard maintenance category without domain expert validation."@en ;

:COPI_0000730 rdf:type owl:Class ;  # Piston
    rdfs:subClassOf iof-core:MaterialArtifact ;
    rdfs:label "pistão"@pt-br ;
    rdfs:label "piston"@en .

# Disjointness: PistonCheckValve and SwingCheckValve
[] rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
    owl:members ( :COPI_0000138 :COPI_0000153 ) .  # PistonCheckValve, SwingCheckValve